GEF is the generation weighted-average greenhouse gas (GHG) emission per unit of electricity generation of all generating power plants serving the electricity grid (GHG intensity of the grid electricity), including RE power plants that may generate Renewable Energy Certificate (REC).

Sources:

1. Grid Emission Factor for Peninsular and Sabah are calculated by the Energy Commission.
2. Data for Sarawak’s Grid Emission Factor is from Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) Annual and Sustainability Reports.

Notes:

1. The GHG emission and Net Electricity Generation values used is inclusive of those from electricity generators connected to the grid that may produce REC. As such, the GEF may not reflect the GHG intensity of electricity unclaimed via REC or other contractual instruments.
2. Net Electricity Generation = Gross Electricity Generation – Electricity Own Use
3. Data for Peninsular and Sabah’s Fuel Consumption, Electricity Generation and Electricity Own Use are sourced from the National Energy Balance (NEB).
4. For this calculation, fuel consumption and electricity generation from Main Activity Producer only is considered.
5. GHG Emission is calculated using Tier 1 Emission Factor.
6. Grid Emission Factors (2022) for Peninsular and Sabah were recalculated to reflect the latest updated data.
7. The GEF values presented herein are released as provisional statistics, in line with international statistical practices. These estimates are compiled using the most recent and complete data available and have undergone technical validation and review by the Technical Committee.
8. While the figures are considered fit for use and are not expected to undergo material changes, they remain subject to final endorsement by the Government of Malaysia. Any subsequent revisions, if required, are expected to be minimal and will be communicated transparently in accordance with established revision practices. Users are therefore advised that these provisional GEF values may be updated upon official confirmation, after which the provisional status will be removed.

Publication 23-02-2026